For this project I will be doing a cartographic transformation from two existing projection. I will achieve the transformation by combining the two projections together to create a new projection, unique of the two original projection. The projections that I have chosen to do the transformation on are the Winkel Tripel Projection and the Hammer Projection.
The Winkel Tripel Projection was developed by Oswald Winkel in 1921. The word Tripel in Winkel Tripel refers to the combining of three elements of distortions, which in this case are area, direction, and distance. Unlike all other projections that try to either be conformal or equivalent, the Winkel Tripel is unique. The projection itself does not try to eliminate any of these distortions individually, rather it attempts to eliminate all three. Below is a depiction of what the projection would look like.
The hammer projection, however, was developed by Ernts Hammer in 1892. It was developed from the same elliptical shape as the Aitoff projection, which was developed by David Aitoff based off of the Mollweide projection. Ernst Hammer created this projection by applying the same 2:1 elliptical equal-area design based on the Aitoff projection. Both of the Aitoff and Hammer projections are compromise projections, neither conformal or equivalent, and look very similar in characteristics. Below is a depiction of what the Hammer projection would look like.
As a result of combining the Winkel Tripel and Hammer projection, I ended up with another projection which I named Winker (a combination of Winkel and Hammer). This projection was created based on the Goode's Homolosine Projection and as such look somewhat similar to it in design. I started the projection by combining the Winkel and Hammer projections at the equator in MicroCAM. The Winkel Tripel Projection covered the range of 180 ° W to 180 ° E and 40 ° S to 40 ° N along the equator. The Hammer Projection covered the ranges of 180 ° W to 40 ° W, 40 ° N to 60 ° N; 180 ° W to 20 ° W, 60 ° N to 90 ° N; 40 ° W to 180 ° E, 40 ° N to 50 ° N; 160 ° W to 40 ° W, 50 °N to 60° N; 160 ° W to 50 ° W, 60° N to 90° N; 180 ° W to 100 ° W, 40 ° S to 90 ° S; 100 ° W to 20 ° W, 40 ° S to 90 ° S; 20 ° W to 80 ° E, 40 ° S to 90 ° S; and 80 ° E to 180 ° E, 40 ° S to 90 ° S. Below is a depiction of what my projection look like after these parameters were established in MicroCAM.
I then exported the projection out of MicroCAM and imported the projection into Inkscape for editing. I added in colors to all the grid cells by using the paint bucket option in Inkscape, adding blue for water bodies, brown for land covers, and white for ice caps. After I finished editing, I exported the bitmap out of Inkscape and imported it into ArcMap. I added a title, scalebar, legend, north arrow, and a black background to the map to make it stand out more. Below is the final result of the projection for this project.
